Derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) requires destruction of human embryos. One of the major factors that is anticipated to hamper the growth of the global stem cell therapy market is ethical concerns regarding embryonic stem cells. Another issue in the field of stem cell-based therapies is the rise in the number of clinics providing unproven stem cell-based treatments.
Favorable investment environment, increasing clinical trials for stem cell based-therapies, growing demand for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as an alternative to embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the rising demand for cell & gene therapies are some of the key factors driving the Global Stem Cell Therapy Market.
The raw materials of the body are stem cells. They are unspecialized cells that have ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiate into a diverse range of specialized cell types. They are critical for the development, growth, maintenance and repair of bones, muscles, blood, brain, nerves, skin and other organs.
There are numerous sources of stem cells:
Embryonic Stem Cells: These stem cells come from embryos that are three to five days old. These are pluripotent stem cells and can be used to regenerate or repair diseased tissues and organs
Adult Stem Cells: These stem cells are found in most adult tissues (bone marrow or fat) in small numbers. As compared to embryonic stem cells, they have more limited ability to give rise to various cells of the body
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Using genetic reprogramming, adult cells are transformed by scientists into stem cells that act similar to embryonic stem cells
Perinatal Stem Cells: These stem cells are found in amniotic fluid & umbilical cord blood. They have the ability to change into specialized cells
Factors Igniting Interest in Stem Cells
To Develop Understanding of How Diseases Occur: By observing how stem cells mature into cells in nerves, bones, heart muscles and other organs and tissues, researchers and healthcare professionals may better understand how diseases and conditions develop
Help in Generating Healthy Cells to Replace Diseased Cells: Stem cells possess the potential to transform into specific cells that can be used to regenerate and repair diseased or damaged tissues
To Test Safety and Effectiveness of New Drugs: Prior to using investigational drugs on people, researchers can use stem cells to test drugs for quality & safety
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Transplantation of Blood Stem Cells Most Established Stem Cell Treatment
There are currently very few stem cell therapies that have been thoroughly proven to be both safe and effective treatment. The most well-known and frequently utilised stem cell treatment is the transplantation of blood stem cells to treat diseases and conditions of the blood and immune system, or to restore the blood system after treatments for specific cancers.
The following are additional alternatives for stem cell therapies:
For the treatment of knee cartilage defects in patients with Osteoarthritis (OA)
For the treatment of Crohn’s fistula
For regeneration of subcutaneous adipose tissue
For the treatment of ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
For the treatment of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) in children and adults, among others
“Stem cells have a bright future for the therapeutic world by promising stem cell therapy. We hope to see new horizon of therapeutics in the form of bone marrow transplant, skin replacement, organ development, and replacement of lost tissue such as hairs, tooth, retina and cochlear cells.” – CEO, South Korea Based Stem Cell Therapy Provider
Future Outlook of Stem Cell Therapy Market
The medical innovation of the century may be stem cell therapy. It has emerged as a promising new approach in almost every medicine specialty. Despite the huge amount of research being done, patients still have access to only a few safe and effective treatments. This is mainly due to the fact that complex diseases that are now incurable require complicated treatments and a personalized approach.
However, there are several ongoing and finished clinical trials involving stem cells that are showing positive outcomes, thus the future of stem cell therapy looks promising.
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